Technical Development

Engines

Year
Month
Technology developed and applied
1935
 
Cylinder head designed by Mr. Kan adopted in the first generation of the Type A engine
1947
 
Aluminum alloy pistons adopted in the first generation of the Type S engine
1951
 
Filter-paper air cleaner adopted in the first generation of the Type S engine
1959
 
First-generation type C compact diesel engine for passenger cars developed
 
Two-barrel carburetor and Ductile Cast Iron(DCI) crankshaft adopted in the Type P engine
 
Automatic choke adopted in the Type R engine
1961
 
Air-cooled, horizontally-opposed, 2-cylinder, Type U engine developed
1964
 
Cartridge-type oil filter adopted in the Type 2R engine
1967
 
Semi-transistor ignition system adopted in the Type 3V engine
 
Temperature-controlled, auto-coupling fan adopted in the Type 3V engine
 
Twin-cam Type 3M engine developed
1971
 
Sintered-alloy valve seats adopted in the Type 4M engine
 
Electronic fuel injection (EFI) system adopted in the 18R-E engine
1973
 
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system adopted in the 18R-C engine
1974
 
Oxidation catalytic converter system and full-transistor ignition system adopted in the Type 4M engine
1976
 
Cylinder head with a Turbulence Generating Pod (TGP) adopted in the Type 12T engine
1977
 
Three-way catalytic converter system with an oxygen sensor adopted in the M-EU engine
1980
 
Hydraulic lash adjustor, a Japan first, adopted in the 1G-EU engine
 
Intake swirl port cylinder head with twin-sensor knocking control, a Toyota first, adopted in the M-TEU engine
1981
 
Electronic spark advance (ESA) system adopted in the 5M-EU engine
 
Eco Run System used in the Starlet
 
V-ribbed belt accessory drive system adopted in the 1S-U engine
 
Sinter-bonded hollow camshaft adopted in the 1S-U engine
 
Sinter-forged connecting rod adopted in the 1S-U engine
1982
 
In-line, 6-cylinder, 4-valve, twin-cam 1G-GEU engine developed
 
2L-TE computer-controlled diesel engine developed
 
Piston with a ring groove insert made of a ceramic fiber alloy adopted in the 2L-TE engine
 
Variable-induction control system adopted in the 1G-GEU engine
1983
 
Water-cooled intercooler, a world first, adopted in the M-TEU engine
 
Intake swirl control valve (SCV), a world first, adopted in the 3A-LU engine
 
Manifold converter, a world first, adopted in the 3A-LU engine
 
Central injection (Ci) system adopted in the 1S-iLU engine
1984
 
Toyota Lean Combustion System (T-LCS), based on world-first technologies, adopted in the 4A-ELU engine
 
Acoustic Control Induction System (ACIS), based on world-first technologies, adopted in the 1S-iLU engine
 
Flywheel with a torsional damper, a world first, adopted in the 2L-T engine
 
Ceramic chamber, a world first, developed for the 2L-THE engine
 
2E-LU twin-squish, 3-valve engine developed
1985
 
1G-GZEU, Japan's first supercharged, in-line, 6-cylinder gasoline engine, developed
 
Diesel-ignition feedback control, a world first, adopted in the 2L-THE engine
 
Twin turbochargers adopted in the 1G-GTEU engine
1986
 
3S-FE scissor-gear cam drive, 4-valve engine 'High-Mecha Twin Cam' engine developed
May
1N, in-line, 4-cylinder diesel engine developed specifically for front-wheel drive passenger vehicles
 
4A-GZE, in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engine with a supercharger developed
1987
 
1VZ-FE, V6 gasoline engine, Toyota's first V6 engine, developed
October
Two-O2 sensor system, a world first, adopted in the 4Y-E engine for the Toyota Van
November
3VZ-E, V6 gasoline engine developed for commercial vehicles
1988
August
Diesel pilot fuel-injection system, a world first, adopted in the 2L-T engine
1989
 
1G-GP, in-line, 6-cylinder, 4-valve LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) engine developed
 
1RZ, in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engine developed for commercial vehicles
 
1UZ-FE, V8 gasoline engine developed
 
Hydraulic fan, a world first, adopted in the 1UZ-FE engine
1990
 
2TZ-FE, in-line, 4-cylinder slant gasoline engine developed
May
Automatic engine oil supply replenishment system adopted in the 2TZ-FE engine
 
Accessory drive system adopted in the 2TZ-FE engine
August
JZ series of in-line, 6-cylinder gasoline engines developed
 
1HZ, in-line, 6-cylinder diesel engine developed
 
1PZ, in-line, 5-cylinder diesel engine developed
 
4A-FE, in-line, 4-cylinder lean-burn gasoline engine developed
1991
June
4A-GE, in-line 4-cylinder, 5-valve gasoline engine developed
 
1JZ-GTE, supercharged gasoline engine developed
June
2-way, twin turbo chargers adopted in the 1JZ-GTE engine
October
Sequential turbo chargers adopted in the 2JZ-GTE engine
December
3C-T, in-line, 4-cylinder slant diesel engine developed
1992
August
4A-FE, in-line, 4-cylinder lean-burn gasoline engine developed
 
Combustion pressure sensor, a world first, adopted in the 4A-FE engine
 
FZ series of in-line, 6-cylinder gasoline engines developed for commercial vehicles
1993
 
MZ series of V6 gasoline engines developed
 
KZ series of in-line, 4-cylinder diesel engines developed
1994
February
Twin-entry turbocharger adopted in the 3S-GTE engine
 
Laser-clad valve seat adopted in the 3S-GTE engine
April
7A-FE lean-burn engine developed
 
NOx storage reduction catalytic converter adopted in the 7A-FE engine
1995
January
1HD-FT, in-line, 6-cylinder, 24-valve, direct-injection diesel engine developed
September
Variable Valve Timing-intelligent (VVT-i) mechanism adopted in the 2JZ-GE engine
1996
December
3S-FSE engine developed, Toyota's first direct-injection engine to feature stratified-charge combustion
 
Vane-type Variable Valve Timing-intelligent (VVT-i) mechanism, the world's first valve-control system of its kind, adopted in the 3S-FSE engine
1997
March
Electronically controlled throttle body adopted in the 1UZ-FE engine
April
1GZ-FE, V12 gasoline engine, Toyota's first V12 engine, developed
September
ZZ series of in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engines developed
December
Negative-pressure, active-control engine mount, a world first, adopted in the 1MZ-FE engine
December
1NZ-FXE, in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engine developed as world's first engine for gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles
1998
 
Electronically controlled 120 MPa high-pressure injection pump developed for the 1HD-FTE engine
October
Dual VVT-i adopted in the 3S-GE engine
1999
August
5S-FNE CNG (compressed natural gas) engine, a Toyota first, developed
September
Variable Valve Timing Lift-intelligent (VVTL-i) system adopted in the 2ZZ-GE engine
 
1CD-FTV, in-line, 4-cylinder, direct-injection diesel engine developed
September
Common-rail system (Toyota's first), with a fuel injection pressure of 135 MPa, adopted in the 1CD-FTV engine
October
2JZ-FSE engine developed, the world's first in-line, 6-cylinder engine to feature stratified-charge combustion
 
3-pole iridium electrode spark plugs, the first in the world, adopted in the 2JZ-FSE engine
 
Slit-nozzle fuel injector, a world first, adopted in the 2JZ-FSE engine
2000
February
AZ series of in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engines developed
May
1AZ-FSE stratified-charge-combustion, direct-injection gasoline engine developed
July
Resin-gear-driven balance shaft, a world first, adopted in the 1AZ-FSE engine
August
KD series of in-line, 4-cylinder, 4-valve common-rail diesel engines developed
 
UNIBUS combustion, a world first, adopted in the 1KD-FTV engine
2001
July
1ND-TV, in-line, 4-cylinder diesel engines developed
2002
October
Electronically controlled hydraulic engine mount adopted in the 1KD-FTV engine
December
GR series of V6 gasoline engine developed
2003
August
TR series of in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engines developed for commercial vehicles
August
Coolant heat storage tank system, a world first, adopted in the 1NZ-FXE engine (for the Prius for the U.S. market)
September
World's first diesel hybrid system for small trucks developed with Hino Motors, Ltd.
 
1AZ-FSE, in-line, 4-cylinder, stoichiometric combustion, direct-injection gasoline engine developed
 
Mass production of Diesel Particulate - NOx Reduction (DPNR) system, the world's first system for simultaneously reducing diesel particulate matter and oxides of nitrogen, adopted in the 1CD-FTV engine
 
3GR-FSE, V6, stoichiometric combustion, direct-injection gasoline engine developed
 
Water jacket spacer, a world first, adopted in the 3GR-FSE engine
 
Intelligent Idling Stop System adopted with the 2SZ-FE engine
2004
 
1KR-FE, in-line, 3-cylinder gasoline engine developed
2005
May
AD series of in-line, 4-cylinder, common-rail diesel engines developed
August
Low compression ratio of 15.8:1, a world first, adopted in the 2AD-FHV engine
 
180 MPa high-pressure injection system, a world first, adopted in the 2AD-FHV engine
 
D-4S, a direct-injection system, based on world-first technologies, adopted in the 2GR-FSE engine
2006
March
Electromagnetic active control engine mount adopted in the 2GR-FE engine
June
ZR series of in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engines developed
August
UR series of V8 gasoline engine developed
2007
January
1VD-FTV engine developed as Toyota's first V8 diesel engine
June
Valvematic continuously variable valve lift mechanism adopted in the 3ZR-FAE engine
 
2UR-GSE, V8 sports-type gasoline engine developed
December
Electronic LPG liquid injection system adopted in the 1TR-FPE engine
2008
August
Stop & Start idling-stop system adopted with the 1NR-FE engine
 
NR series of in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engines developed
 
AR series of in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engines developed
 
3UR-FBE, V8, E85 ethanol engine developed
2009
 
2ZR-FXE, in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engine for hybrids developed
 
3ZR-FBE, in-line, 4-cylinder ethanol engine developed
2010
December
2NR-FE, in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engine for emerging markets developed
 
1LR-GUE engine developed as Toyota's first V10 sports-type gasoline engine
2011
September
2AR-FXE, in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engine for hybrids developed
December
1NZ-FXE, in-line, 4-cylinder gasoline engine for compact hybrid vehicles developed

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